SCADA Security Tutorial

SCADA security tutorial is powered by TONEX to give you by and large and general data about Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and its security angles. On the off chance that you are beginning to take in this theme or in the event that you are one of the individuals who know their stuff however need to catch up on a portion of the heavenly attendants of their insight, this tutorial is an incredible help to you.

SCADA, remaining for Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition, are connected to direct and manage a plant or gear in ventures including broadcast communications, water and waste control, vitality, oil and gas refining and transportation. Such frameworks cover the portion of information between a SCADA focal host PC and a progression of Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) as well as Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), and the focal host and the administrator terminals. A SCADA framework gathers information, conveys the data back to a focal unit, at that point alerts the home site that a hole has happened, performing required assessment and control, such as recognizing the seriousness of the hole, and showing the information in a justification and methodical way.

SCADA Systems Components

1. Field information interface instruments, could be at least one, typically RTUs, or PLCs, which interface to handle detecting gadgets and nearby control switchboxes and valve actuators 
2. A correspondences framework utilized to convey information between field information interface instruments and control locales and the PCs in the SCADA focal host. Such framework could be radio, phone, link, satellite, and so on., or any blend of these. 
3. A focal host PC server or servers (otherwise known as SCADA Center, ace station, or Master Terminal Unit (MTU) 
4. A standard or custom programming frameworks [aka Human Machine Interface (HMI) programming or Man Machine Interface (MMI) software] to serve the SCADA focal host and administrator terminal application, bolster the correspondences framework, and screen and control remotely arranged field information interface instruments 

Field Data Interface Instruments 

Field information interface instruments are considered as the "eyes and ears" of a SCADA framework. Such instruments, for example, meters and checks give the vital information in light of which an administrator could assess how well a framework is working. In addition, some other gear goes about as the "hands" of the SCADA framework, helping with mechanizing the framework forms. 

Communications Network 

The objective of interchanges organize is to help the devices by which information can be transmitted between the focal host PC servers and the field-based RTUs. The Communication Network delivers the instruments required to transmit data to and from different locales. The mode utilized can either be link, phone or radio.

Central Host Computer 

The focal host PC or ace station in all likelihood incorporates a solitary PC or a system of PC servers filling in as a man-machine administrator interface to the SCADA framework. The PCs run the information got from and sent to the RTU units and show it to human administrators in a way that the administrators can work in light of. Administrator terminals are connected to the focal host PC by a LAN/WAN with the goal that the watching screens and the applicable data can be displayed for the administrators. Current SCADA frameworks are fit for offering high-determination PC designs to exhibit a graphical UI or mimic screen of the site.

Relevant Software to SCADA Systems

• Central host computer operating system 
• Operator terminal operating system 
• Central host computer application 
• Operator terminal application 
• Communications protocol drivers 
• Communications network management software 
• RTU automation software 

SCADA Architectures

There are three generations of SCADA systems:

• First Generation – Monolithic 
• Second Generation – Distributed 
• Third Generation – Networked

SCADA Network Components

• Firewalls 
• Separated SCADA Control Network 
• SCADA General Firewall Policies 
• Domain Name System (DNS) 
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 
• FTP and Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) 
• Telnet 
• Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) 
• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) 
• Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) 
• Network Address Translation (NAT) 
• Firewall Issues 
• Data Historians 
• Remote Support Access 
• Multicast Traffic 
• Single Points of Failure 
• Redundancy and Fault Tolerance 
• Preventing Man-in- the-Middle SCADA Attacks 
• SCADA Management Controls

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SCADA Security Tutorial